HYPERPIGMENTATION | CAUSES & MANAGEMENT | lady Skin Doctor in bhubaneswar
Definition: Hyperpigmentation
is a condition where darkening and discoloration of the skin occurred due
to excess production of melanin the pigmentthat gives skin its color,
which is produced by melanomas present in skin. It’s one of the most common
skin problems affecting both men and women & this condition worsens with advancing
age.
How to
Describe Hyper pigmentation: Normally red, brown, pink or
even purple-looking spots, clusters or streaks seen on the surface of the skin. The Areas affected by hyperpigmentation will appear
darker than the rest of the skin and may aggravated by prolong exposure to the
sun (which further increases melanin) or following an facial acne . Hyper pigmentation usually
appear mainly on sun-exposed body parts like the face, hands and arms. Increased
melanin can occur in the epidermis layer of the skin, the deeper dermis layer,
or both causing Some discoloration in the form of small patches in Skin.
·
Epidermal (surface layer): Tends to be tan, brown, or dark brown in colour and
it may take months to years to get rid of post-inflammatory hyper pigmentation without treatment
·
Dermis (inner layer of skin): Tends to be bluish-grey in colour and may be
permanent if it is left untreated
Causes of Hyper Pigmentation:
1. Sun Burn Pigmentation
This
is Commonly known as sunspots, solar lentigines are usually brown in colour and
they do not cause a change in skin texture & are more darker and irregular in appearance as compared to
freckles. People with a lighter skin tone are said to be more prone to
sunspots. Without treatment & prolong exposure to Sun, these existing lesions become darker in colour.
2. Freckles
It’s a very common type of Skin lesions Usually
seen in size of matchstick heads, freckles normally do not cause a change in skin texture&
seen inpeople with a lighter skin tone .
They are flat circular spots which are usually tan or light brown in colour ,
develop on sun exposed areas.
3.
Post-Acne
Pigmentation
Usually developed
from healed acne wounds. which are
reddish in colour are caused by broken blood capillaries that have yet to heal
at the site of acne lesion & marks which are dark in colour result from an
overproduction of melanin in reaction to skin inflammation at the affected
area. Without proper treatment, post-acne pigmentation may take a very long
time varing from months or even years to fade off. Normally seen following extraction is not
carried out professionally, instead of pushing the pus out, one may be pushing
it further down causing more skin and the tissue beneath it get damaged in the
process, increasing the chances of inflammation and scarring.
It’s a type of skin discoloration, uneven skin tone
appears as patches of darkened skin due to the overproduction of melanin by the
body following the result of sun damage, hormonal changes or side effect of
medication. This uneven skin tone usually make one look older.
5.
Mobile
Radiation Spots
It is normally seen on face as dark spots, but the
incidence is decreasing now a days
. Computer radiation spots may develop
from long period of exposure towards computer or mobile phone radiation. The
skin may be damaged by the static electricity and radiation produced by
computer and mobile phones.
6.
Post-Inflammatory
Hyperpigmentation (PIH)
PIH usually occurs Following
inflamed wounds, PIH is usually tan, brown or black in colour. It is a condition
in which there is an increased production of melanin due to an injury or
inflammation to the skin & seen in darker tone people.
PIH is not a scar. So if it is go
untreated, it should fade away within 2
years.
7. Melasma
This condition usually happens when a
trigger, such as a pregnancy or birth control pills. Some Women usually have melasma
for years to even a lifetime.
1.
Laser treatment is one of the
most advanced treatments for removing unwanted pigmentation on the skin such as
age spots, sun spots, and freckles. Skin Pigmentation Removal with the advanced
Laser Machines at Ashu Sklin Care usually is a quick, gentle and non-invasive
treatment &It does not affect the surrounding tissues or alter the normal
skin colour.
2. Skin
lightening creams. These drugs works by slowing down
melanin production and removing existing melanin from the skin.
3.
Chemical peels: Peels like glycolic acid and salicylic acid work by
exfoliating the upper most layer of the skin, along with the dark patches, thus
speeding up the skin lightening process. Normally following treatment, one may
experience skin redness over the next few days. Some Other side could be skin
irritation, blistering, or even skin discolouration.
4.
Microdermabrasion: Just like the chemical peels, microdermabrasion
treats hyperpigmentation problems by exfoliating the upper most layer of the
skin. Here fine crystals are used to
gently lift the dead skin cells while a suction is used to remove them, hence
making this is a gentler alternative.
5.
Topical: Topical creams (such as Vitamin C cream and retinoid)
are less intensive treatments which would work better in the removal of
epidermal hyperpigmentation. It usually take a longer time to visibly lighten
the post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
6.
Hydra -Facial: To lighten hyperpigmentation, Hydrafacial treatments
are typically customized according to the severity of the hyperpigmentation.
Consult Your Dermatologist in case you have the
following Symptoms
- Skin irritation
- Darkening of the skin
- Other problems
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